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The definitive Naval Action Wiki: Ships, weapons, ports, and all you need to survive the Caribbean!
Contents Ranging ShotsNavalAction is aimed manually which makes it difficult to hit targetsespecially at longer ranges. The best practice is to fire single shotsand watch where they fall to judge where to aim rather then wasting awhole broadside. Single ranging shots can be fired using the Space Bar and rounds can then be spotted through the telescope using Shift key. Eventually when the aim is good, the broadside can be released with the Left Mouse.
Compensating for Heeling While sailing, your ship will away from the wind. This can prevent you from elevating you guns high enough when firing or lowering your elevation enough when firing windward.This can be compensated for by lowering the sails enough to straighten out your ship.
Using the B key for battle sails or the T key to depower can be enough to fix excess heeling.Rough seas will heel your ship unpredictably and require patience and timing to hit the enemy.Points of Sail The heading of a ship relative to the wind is a large factor inperformance and is decribed as the Point of Sail. Different ships willperform better at certain points than others.
This largely depends ontheir type of.In Irons (A) When a ship is facing close enough to the wind that the sails no longer work, it is in irons.Close Hauled (B) This point is when a ship is sailing as upwind as it can without goinginto irons. When a ship crosses through Irons from one close hauledside to another it is called tacking.Beam Reach (C) When a ship is at right angle to the wind.Broad Reach (D) A ship heading downwind but not running is said to be in a Broad Reach.Running With The Wind(E) A ship heading directly downwind.
Suprisingly it is not as fast as a Broad Reach for most ships.Manual Sails and Tacking Manual Skipper By default, theAuto Skipper on your ship will adjust your sails to their best positionfor speed. Naval Action allows you to change the direction of yoursails on the foremast (Q and E) and aftmast (Z and C). When you changethe direction of your sails, the ship enters Manual Skipper and thesails will maintain their angle indefinetely. The Auto Skipper can be re-engaged with the F key.Ships smaller than a Brig can usually rely on their inate speed andmanuverability without having to utilize Manual Skipper.
As you getinto larger ships however, it becomes advantageous to use manual sailsto increase manuverablity.Tacking with Manual Sails When tacking, a ship must turn from one side of the wind to the other.Smaller ships can rely on having enough momentum to maintain steeringthrough irons and resume sailing on the other close haul. Larger shipshave a harder time getting through the wind and can end updead in the water atcritical moments. It's important to watch the speed of the ship duringa tack to know whether the steering is reversed. Steer the desired course until the ship starts reversing negative speed. Steer the opposite direction when the ship starts to sail backwards.
Turnthe rear sail perpendicular to the wind (Z or C). The foresail shouldcontinue to push the ship backwards and force the bow to the other side. Return to Auto Skipper (F) and steer hard over until underwayStern Camping and CounterStern Camping is aterm referring to a tactic that can be employed usually by a smallership vs a less manuverable opponent. The stern camper attempts to staydirectly behind the enemy ship while periodically raking their stern.This allows the smaller ship to avoid their broadside and do damage toan especially vulnerable part of the enemy ship.
A five-country multinational fleet, during in the Oman Sea. In five descending columns, from the top left to the bottom right: (F 570); (D 612), (CVN 74); (R 91), (F 711); (CG-73), (L 12), (CV 67), (F 831); and (D 560).Naval tactics is the collective name for methods of engaging and defeating an enemy or in at during, the naval equivalent of on land.Naval are distinct from. Naval tactics are concerned with the movements a makes in battle, typically in the presence of the enemy. Naval strategy concerns the overall for achieving victory and the large movements by which a or Commander secures the advantage of fighting at a place convenient to himself.Modern naval tactics are based on tactical doctrines developed after, following the obsolescence of the and the development of long-range.
Since there has been no major naval conflict since World War II, apart from the and the, many of these doctrines reflect scenarios developed for planning purposes. Critics argue that the collapse of the and the subsequent reduction in the size and capabilities of the renders most such fleet-on-fleet scenarios obsolete. Contents.Key concepts A central concept in Western modern naval fleet warfare is: a zone around a naval force within which a commander is confident of detecting, tracking, engaging and destroying threats before they pose a danger.
As in all forms of warfare, a critical objective is to detect the while avoiding detection.The open sea provides the most favorable for a surface fleet. The presence of land and the of an area compress the battlespace, limit the opportunities to maneuver, make it easier for an enemy to predict the location of the fleet, and make the detection of enemy forces more difficult. In shallow waters, the detection of and is especially problematic.One scenario that was the focus of American and naval planning during the was a conflict between two modern and well equipped fleets on the high seas, the clash of the United States/NATO and the Soviet Union/.
Because the Cold War ended without direct total war between the two sides, the outcome of such an action remains hypothetical, but was broadly understood to include, towards the late Cold War, multiple salvoes of anti-ship missiles against the Americans and U.S. Attempts to air strike Soviet land bases and/or fleets. Given the eventual strategic surprise effectiveness of anti-ship missiles, the outcome of such a clash is far from being clear.The main consideration is for (CVBGs). Critics of current naval doctrine argue that although such a fleet battle is unlikely to occur in the foreseeable future, Cold War thinking continues to dominate naval practice. However, others point toward the increased naval budgets of Russia and South and East Asia as a possibility that conventional naval combat in the future may become relevant again.Naval tactics and weapons systems can be categorized by the type of opponents they are intended to fight. (AAW) involves action against aircraft and incoming missiles. (ASuW) focuses on attacking and defending against surface warships.
(ASW) deals with the detection and destruction of enemy submarines.The key threat in modern naval combat is the airborne cruise, which can be delivered from surface, subsurface or airborne platforms. With missile speeds ranging up to Mach 4, engagement time may be only seconds and such missiles can be designed to 'skim the sea' mere metres above the sea surface. The key to successful defence was argued to be to destroy the launch platform before it fires, thus removing a number of missile threats at once. This is not always possible so the (AAW) resources need to be balanced between the outer and inner air battles. Missile tactics are now mostly fire and forget in the manner of the or or utilize over-the-horizon targeting, such as the. Close-range missile defence in the modern age depends heavily on (CIWS) such as the or.Though traveling under water and at lower speeds, present a similar threat. As is the case with missiles, torpedoes are self-propelled and can be launched from surface, subsurface, and air platforms.
Modern versions of this weapon present a wide selection of homing technologies specially suited to their particular target. There are far fewer means of destroying incoming torpedoes compared to missiles., as subsurface launching platforms, present an important threat to conventional naval operations.
Coatings and ultra-quiet provide modern submarines with the advantage of stealth. The move towards operations has greatly increased this advantage.
Mere suspicion of a submarine threat can force a fleet to commit resources to removing it, as the consequences of an undetected enemy submarine can obviously be lethal. The threat posed by British submarines during the of 1982 was one of the reasons why the was limited in its operations.
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A single submarine at sea also impacted operations in the Indo-Pakistani Naval War of 1971.Conventional naval forces are also seen as providing a capability for. In several naval operations, the has been used to support land forces rather than to supply air control over the sea.
Carriers were used in this way during the. History Naval tactics have evolved over time with developments in naval technology and the evolution of. The evolution of naval tactics can best be understood by dividing into thematic topics:.: Naval tactics from the earliest times to the, the last major battle in which (oar-propelled) dominated.: Tactics focused on warships, especially from the late 16th century, including the development of the.: The development of the firing explosive lead to new tactics that were developed for the big-gun. The, and posed new threats, each of which had to be countered, leading to tactical developments such as and the use of. By the end of the steam age, and had replaced as the principal units of the.The modern period of naval tactics began with the widespread replacement of naval guns with and long-range combat aircraft after and is the basis for most of the tactical doctrine used today.Post-World War II conflicts The Indo-Pakistani Naval War of 1971 The was the most significant conflict involving naval forces since World War II. Over two thousand sailors died, and multiple ships were sunk. Significantly, the first submarine sinking of a ship since World War II occurred when the Pakistani submarine sank an Indian ASW frigate.
Passive/active sonar, homing torpedoes, air strikes on naval facilities and fast missile craft were all utilized in this war.In the western theatre of the war, the successfully attacked 's port in on the night of 4–5 December, using, sinking Pakistani and; was also badly damaged. In response, Pakistani submarines sought out major Indian warships. 720 Pakistani sailors were killed or wounded, and Pakistan lost reserve fuel and many commercial ships, thus crippling the 's further involvement in the conflict. Operation Trident was followed by on the night of 8–9 December, in which Indian missile boats attacked the Karachi port, resulting in further destruction of reserve fuel tanks and the sinking of three Pakistani merchant ships. Since Pakistan's naval headquarters and almost its entire fleet operated from the port city of Karachi, this was a major strategic victory that enabled the Indian navy to attain complete naval superiority, and to partially blockade Pakistan.In the eastern theatre of the war, the Indian Eastern Naval Command completely isolated East Pakistan by a in the, trapping the Eastern Pakistani Navy and eight foreign merchant ships in their ports.
From 4 December onwards, the aircraft carrier was deployed, and its fighter-bombers attacked many coastal towns in East Pakistan including. Pakistan countered the threat by sending the submarine, which en route under mysterious circumstances off 's coast On 9 December, the Indian Navy suffered its biggest wartime loss when the Pakistani submarine sank the frigate in the, resulting in a loss of 18 officers and 176 sailors. Indian aircraft carrier launches anThe damage inflicted on the Pakistani Navy stood at 7, 1 minesweeper, 1 submarine, 2 destroyers, 3 patrol crafts belonging to the, 18 cargo, supply and communication vessels, and large scale damage inflicted on the naval base and docks in the coastal town of Karachi.
Three merchant navy ships – Anwar Baksh, Pasni and Madhumathi – and ten smaller vessels were captured. Around 1900 personnel were lost, while 1413 servicemen were captured by Indian forces in Dhaka. According to one Pakistan scholar, Pakistan lost half its navy in the war. The Falklands War The of 1982 has been the next most significant conflict involving naval forces since World War II. The primary combat was between the Argentine Air force, based on the mainland, and the British naval force centered on aircraft carriers. Argentine naval forces played only a minor role in the conflict.The war demonstrated the importance of naval (AEW).
Vital to British success was the protection of the two aircraft carriers,. In 1982, the Royal Navy had effectively zero over-the-horizon radar capability, so to protect the British naval taskforce several and were sent on duty to form the first line of defense against Argentine air attacks. As a result, the British lost the destroyer to fire following an Argentine missile strike. Following the conflict, the Royal Navy modified some helicopters for the AEW role. Other navies (including France, Spain and Italy) have since included AEW aircraft or helicopters on their carriers.The conflict also led to an increased interest in the close defense capabilities of naval ships, including (CIWS) as a last-ditch defense against incoming missiles.
The attack on the US frigate on patrol in the Persian Gulf in 1987 also highlighted the danger of anti-ship missiles. In the case of Stark, the Iraqi Exocet missiles were not detected and Stark 's CIWS was not turned on as the ship was not expecting an attack.The Falklands war also saw the only time a warship has been sunk by a nuclear-powered submarine in a hostile attack, when the British nuclear-powered submarine attacked the Argentine cruiser with torpedoes. With their nuclear propulsion plants, the submarines were able to remain on station virtually undetected.
Other conflicts Another large naval operation conducted by a major power took place when the in the between 1987 and 1988, during the.Naval forces have played a supporting role in some land battles. US battleships provided gunfire support during the and the 1991. During the Falklands War, British destroyers and frigates carried out shellings on Argentine positions.The and the subsequent saw some naval action, initially when the declared a blockade of the ports of from September to December 1991 and later in 1994-1995, when NATO naval forces, as part of, deployed a number of units to the in order to enforce a on former Yugoslavia. Later Operations on former Yugoslavia such as and involved the use of seaborne aircraft and the launch of against Serb targets. British and Australian warships provided gunfire support to the operation during the.
US and UK naval forces have used again Tomahawk cruise missiles against land targets in the course of actions undertaken since the end of the Cold War, such as the opening of international involvement in the, of which the British Armed Forces played a decisive role.The, a suicide waterborne mission on a destroyer in Yemen in October 2000, has resulted in an increased awareness of terrorist risks whilst warships are in harbor or near potentially hostile coastlines. The has also seen increased awareness of the naval role against terrorism. The US-led reaffirmed the role of naval air power, and US carrier based aircraft provided most of the sorties over Afghanistan against Taliban and Al-Qaeda forces. Over 90% of munitions delivered by the US Navy in were.
Several nations contributed vessels and maritime patrol aircraft to deny Al-Qaeda access to the Arabian Sea and Indian Ocean, including the US, Australia, Britain, Canada, Germany, Netherlands and New Zealand amongst others. France and Italy also used their carrier based aircraft over Afghanistan. Special forces operated from US and British carriers, in particular, the. Aircraft traditionally used for maritime patrol such as the and were also used in the overland surveillance role over Afghanistan as well as during the 2003 invasion of Iraq.See also.References. Hughes WP, 2000, Fleet Tactics and Coastal Combat, 2nd Ed, Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, MA., issue # 95, 20 February 2004.
^ Swartz, Luke (1998). Retrieved 2007-11-06. Grant, R.G. Battle at Sea: 3000 Years of Naval Warfare. New York, NY: DK publishing, 2008. Warming, Rolf.
^. Global Security. Retrieved 20 October 2009. Seapower: A Guide for the Twenty-first Century By Geoffrey Till page 179. Olsen, John Andreas (2011). Global Air Power. Potomac Books.
Chennai, India. 2 December 2006. Rediff.com (31 December 2004). Retrieved on 14 April 2011. Bharat Rakshak. Archived from on 26 September 2009. Retrieved 20 October 2009.
Archived from on 1 March 2012. Retrieved 27 July 2012. (PDF). Archived from (PDF) on 8 May 2010. Retrieved 20 June 2010. Archived from on 25 February 2002.
Retrieved 30 May 2005. (1983).
Can Pakistan Survive? The Death of a State. Penguin Books. In a two-week war, Pakistan lost half its navy. Sharp, Grant (June 12, 1987). Archived from (PDF) on December 2, 2007.
Retrieved 2007-11-06. (PDF). Archived from (PDF) on 2010-12-31. Retrieved 2011-03-30.Further reading. Rodger, Nicholas, 'Image and Reality in Eighteenth-Century Naval Tactics.'
Mariner's Mirror 89, No. 3 (2003), pp. 281–96.
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